Cooking-stove



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. R. WEBB.

COOKING sTovE.

No. 324,055. Patented Aug. 11, 1885.

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I WITNEESEE- E IPA/ENTE F\ fmmb 6MM MM @az/.@fadm @MK/2% N4 PETERS. FholtrLihognpher. Washington, D, C.

(No Model.) l 2 shees-sheer, 2. J. R. WEBB.y y

COOKING STOVE. l

Patented-Aug. 11, 1885.

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VNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN RUSSELL WEBB, F ST. JOSEPH, MICHIGAN.

COOKINGSTOVE.

SPECIFICATION forming partl of Letters Patent No. 324,055, dated August l1, 1885.

Application tiled June 24, 1880. (No model.) 4

To all whom it may con/cern.-

Beit known that I, JOHN RUSSELL WEBB, of St. Joseph, in the county of Berrien and State of Michigan, have invented'certain new and useful Improvements in Cooking-Stoves;

q and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference 1o marked thereon, which form a part of this specication.

This invention relates to the interior construction of cooking-stoves, mainly with reference to the variable direction of the cur rents of products of combustion, with the object of better utilization of the fuel and of greater efficiency and capacity in a stove of given size or cost.

It consists in the several features of con- 2o struction hereinat'ter'set forth and pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure lis aside elevation `of a small stove provided with my improvements. Fig. 2 is a central vertical longitudi- 2 5 nal section of the same. Fig. 3 is a full view of one of the dampers shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a top view of thestove herein made the subject of illustration. Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section ofthe stove with a 3o removable oven applied to the top, and Fig.

6 is a front endelevation of the stove.

Arepresents the top plate, B and B the side and end plates, respectively, and K the bottom plate, of the stove. A

I is the fire-box, and J is a grate.

H is adamper for the supply of air beneath the grate, and G is a small door in the front plate, through which and the aperture p in the firebox a poker may be inserted for the purpose 4o of raking out the ashes and clinkers or agi*- tating the fire without shaking the grate.

Beneath the grate J is an ashspace, accessible through the door Q. Said door may be of proper size toadinitI :tapan of the full width 5 ot' the chamber,if desired. D is a hearth, lo-

cated at the front end at a convenient height.

The body of the stove is illustrated as being relatively long and narrow. The frontend is lpreferably broad enough to give suitable space for two pot-holes at N N, side by side, with the usual provision in the center piece, N', and corresponding lunes for a larger center hole. The remaining pot-holes are in the line of the direct passage P beneath the top plate, A, and the width of the passage is such that the heated current is nearly wholly directed beneath said pot-holes or into contact with any vessels set in the pot-holes.

Lis an oven, the top, bottom, and end walls l of which are supported from the side walls of 6o the stove.

M is a horizontal plate orV partition, arranged above and parallel with the oven-top, as shown, dividing the space above the oven into the passages P and F. Said plate M reaches preferably about to the rear pot-hole, as indicated, but kmay be varied as required. It has a transverse opening, t', at the rear of the first pot-hole over the oven. A passage, P', leads from the lire-space downward at the front of the oven, backward beneath it, and up- -ward at its rear to the escape S. A number of dampers or deiiectors, a, b, c, d, c, andf, are arranged in the passages, as indicated, to operate in connection with said passages, as will now be described. At the point of divergence of the lpassages P and P near the fire-space is placed the damper d, which, when turned up, directs the products of combustion through the passage IJ, and when turned down sends the pro- 8o ducts of combustion backward into the pass age I), contiguous to the top plate, A. When the damper d is down, the dampers a and b being also down, the products of combustion pass directly to the escape-flue S; but it' a be closed, they pass over the rear end ofthe plate M (or through theopening t, according as the latter is open or closed by the damper c) through lthe passages P and P. This direction of the products-ofcombustion current produces contact thereof with practically all points of the transverse walls ot' the oven L, and insures rapid and uniform baking therein. It also at the'same time makes the principal part of the stove-top available for other cook- 95 ing or heating purposes. A modification of this effect will be produced by also closing the dampers I), allowing the products of coinbustion to pass down through the opening t'. and out through 1 and P beneath the oven, 10o thus shutting the heat oft' from the back pothole.

The more especial object of the damper I; is, however, separately illustrated in Fig. 5, wherein O is a supplemental removable oven having a double shell, forming a passage, a, about the oven proper or bakingspace L. Said passage is divided bythe central trans verse plate,m, at the bottom, and opens through the two anged openings o o, one on each side ot'the plate on. The Hang-es oi' openings 0 set into the two rear potholes of the stove, as seen, like the bottom ot' a clothes-boiler. l/Vhen this oven is used, the damper bis closed, the opening lis closed, and dampers a and Ad are open. rIhe combustion products are con sequently directed through the passage n of the oven O, entering through the forward pothole and returning through the rear one. 1f damper a be also closed, the same current may be sentaround the oven L af'terleavingtheoven (J. The permanent oven L has the holes N located in the bottom thereot' and the registers It and I. By directing the current ot' products of combustion wholly or in large part beneath the oven L, articles may be cooked over these pot-holes N as well as on the stovetop. When this is done, the registers lt and lt should usually be opened, by which means any unpleasant odor from the article being cooked is carried oft' by the liue S and prevented from escaping into the room. rIhis use ofthe oven L is found of great advantage in warm weather, since the heat radiated from the stove is much reduced by the direction of the products oi' combustion through. the passage P. Iot-holes N and N may be simultaneously used, it' desired, to the greatincrease ofthe boiling capacity of the stove by closing damper a, with d horizontal and c open or closed, according as one or both ot' the rear holes N are r( quired. The etliciency of the rear pot-holeN is increased by the damper f, which is cut away, as seen in Fig. 3, so as to dellect the air-current upward into contact with the griddle or vessel sitting over the hole. The registers lt and It serve also to regulate the heat ot the oven, causing it to bake either fast or slow, as desired.

lhe protruding handles ofthe several dampers are, as is common, made in the plane of the dainpers, so as toindicate the position of the latter. All of said dampers being readily seen through the neighboring potholes, their unusual number is found to occasion no confusion, and their uses and effects are soon learned.

It should be noted that the damper d may be partially turned, so as to send heat directly from the lire-space into both upper and lower passages, it' desired, said damper being properly balanced or otherwise con` structed to remain in any position given it, as is commonly done.

The damper c is prel'erabl y constructed and mounted as shown, to always leave a passage beneath it. '.lhe use and et'tect of the damper is therefore to retard and not to wholly arrest the current of products of combustion beneath the oven. Giving escape to said current at the bottom or' the passage I, the cooler portion of the said products therein is constantly being drawn ot't', while the hotter portion, rising to the top of the passage, is restrained until its heat is expended upon the oven-bottom, thepot-holes I or vessels therein placed. ln place ot' the rotating dnnpcr c, a vertical stationary plate may be employed, having a passage beneath it, as shown beneath said damper e, with the same eiicct as is obtained by said damper when in a vertical position.

I ani aware that a horizontal plate has been employed to divide the passage above the oven, and that dampers have been variously arranged with refercn ce to such dividing-plate, so that I do not claim said plate and dan'ipers, broadly.

I am also aware that an oven has been constructed to sit over a single pot-hole of a stove, and that a Hap or deilector has been attached to the oven, and also that a deflector has been mounted in the stove midway of the pot-hole, or in position to direct the products ot' conibustion through or about the oven. M y construction dit't'ers from this in the adaptation ofthe oven to two adjacent pot-holes and in the location of the deliector in the stove bcneath the plate dividing said holes.

I am aware that it has been heretofore proposed to construct a portable oven with double walls, forming a 'tlue or passage leading around the oven proper or bakingchamber, for use over a single aperture in a stove-top, the exterior wall ot'the bottom ot' ,the oven being` provided with an aperture opposite the aperture in the stove-top, and with a detlectingplate extending from the bottoni of the baking-chamber through the Stoveaperturc, and across a smoke-passage of the stove beneath the said aperture. This construction is objectionable for several reasons, the principal one being that in order to make the oven readily detachable the said de'l'lector must be made adjustable in area or otherwise constructed so that it may be inserted through the aperture ot' the stovetop aud ittcd at its margins to the side walls ot' the sn'loke-passagc when put in place.

In the construction herein proposed no valve or damper is used upon the portable oven, and a damper permanently located in the stove is used to deflect the products ot' combustion around and over the baking-chamber ot' the oven. lhcn the parts are made in this 1nanner,the portable oven may bc readily and quickly applied without the ne cessity ot' any accurate adjustment of adaniper or other part to the stove in putting it in place, and the form ofthe oven itscllis at thc same time made exceedingly simple.

Having thus described my invention, I claiml. In combination with the passages P, I, and I, arranged as shown with reference to IOO IOS

IIO

IIS

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the oven L and the tire-space I, the plate M and the dampers a and d, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In combination with the passage P, leading beneath the oven,and with the pot-hole N in the oven-bottom,the deflector f, Fig. 3,

arranged in said passage and beneath said pot-hole, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. The detachable oven O, adapted to set over two neighboring pot-holes of a stove in the line oi' the air-passage from the tire-pot to the escape-passage of said stove, said oven having a passage, n, around the baking-chamber L', and having alsol openings o o, coincident with the stove pot-holes, anda dividingplate or lpartition,vm, in the said passagevbetween the said holes o o, combined with the stove having a deflector, b, located as shown, to close the direct passage beneath thetop plate of the stove between the pot-holes, and

to deflect the products of combustion through the passage n of the oven, substantially'as described. 1

4. In combination with the plate M, arranged as described, to divide the passage P from the passage P over the oven L, and provided with the opening i, the dampers b and o, arranged as shown, and for the purposes Set forth. 5. kThe stove described, combining the firebox I, the escape S, the oven L, the passages P, P,andP/,'and the dampers a dand deflector e, allarranged and operating substantiall5r as shown and described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I affix my signature-in presence v of tivo witnesses. i

JOHN RUSSELL WEBB. Witnesses:

J As. B. SUTHERLAND, J r.,

O. O. JORDAN. 

